Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments

The Sound Laboratory: Further Information

The Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments has been partner in an international consortium with museums in Brussels, Paris and Leipzig which won a substantial European Commission grant under the Raphael Programme to create interactive demonstrations of the basic acoustics of musical instruments for museum gallery use. The four partners have developed the units in close co-operation to meet each other's requirements. In Edinburgh the development work was undertaken in the acoustics laboratories in the Department of Physics and Astronomy.
The units provide an exciting `hands-on' approach to how musical instruments work, with live sounds, physical models, computer displays and visible effects. The live sounds can be mediated by headphones (depending on the room acoustics of the display space) to avoid interference and annoyance to visitors to other parts of the Museum. The units are at the same time fun for the general visitor and a gentle approach to the study of musical instruments and their history.

The European Commission funding covered the development costs of these units, and some of the marginal costs of building installations for the participating museums. The balance of the costs of providing these units for the Edinburh installation was met by the University's Development Trust.

The Sound Laboratory: The Units

  1. Sound tables. Visitors can excite strings under tension (i) without any soundboard, (ii) with a simple soundboard and (iii) with hollow soundboxes of different sizes. Striking differences can be heard and the unit gives an introduction to the development of string instruments.

  2. Bowed strings. Visitors can experiment with different bowing speeds and pressures to understand the basics of violins and other bowed string instruments. The unit channels the interactive element to give a clear demonstration of these two parameters.

  3. Vibrations in air columns and in strings: the difference between longitudinal and transverse vibrations. Visitors actuate vibrations in a spring (simulating an air column) and a long overhead string (simulating a string on a guitar or other string instrument.

  4. Sounding a trumpet. A real trumpet is actually played by an artificial embouchure, the visitor controls air pressure and the valves and hears the results. As the air column resonates, the waveform and the spectrum are displayed on a computer screen, which also provides interpretative material. In Dutch, English, French and German.

  5. Sounding a clarinet. A real clarinet is actually played by an artificial embouchure, the visitor controls air pressure and the one of the keys and hears the results. As the air column resonates, the waveform and the spectrum are displayed on a computer screen, which also provides interpretative material. In Dutch, English, French and German.

  6. Strings and percussion. Visitors can hammer a thin string, a thick string and a metal bar mounted on a soundbox and hear the results and see the basic difference between the piano and the marimba. The waveform and the spectrum are displayed on a computer screen, which also provides interpretative material. In Dutch, English, French and German.

  7. Instruments Workshop. A computer-based interactive introduction to the families of musical instruments, with a `workshop' in which the visitor can make (and hear) virtual instruments. Visitors can play a game, seing how quickly they can make an instrument to produce a given sound. In Dutch, English, and French.

  8. Reconstruct a Sound. An interactive introduction to musical sounds, with a game of recognising instruments. In Dutch, English, and French.

  9. Exploring Timbre. A computer-based lively interactive introduction to how the sounds of different instruments are characterised, using the sounds of some jazz "greats" as examples. In Dutch, English, and French.

The Partners

The scientific co-ordination of the project was undertaken by Dr Murray Campbell of the University of Edinburgh.

The pedagogical co-ordination of the project was undertaken by Dr Eszter Fontana of the University of Leipzig.

Credits

Musée des Instruments de Musique / Muziekinstrumentenmuseum, Brussels (Belgium) Gretel Dumont, Ignace de Keyser, Karel Moens. Hardware fabrication by Professor Albert Art, Experimentarium, Université Libre de Bruxelles.
Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie, Paris (France) Dominique Botbol, Evelyne Hiard, Alain Rabussier (and others mentioned in the respective software).
Musikinstrumentenmuseum der Universität Leipzig (Germany) Eszter Fontana, Veit Heller.
Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments Murray Campbell, Arnold Myers, Mark Neal, Maarten van Walstijn, Howard Wright. Hardware fabrication by Vincent Devine and Andrew Downie. Original development of the artificial lips by Joël Gilbert and Jean-Pierre Dalmont, Institut d'Acoustique et de Mécanique (LAUM, UMR CNRS 6613), Le Mans, France.


See how to use the Sound Laboratory

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© Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments, 2000

This page updated 11.3.00